Ancient Peoples and Climate Change

[missouriboy]

The phylogenealogy of R-L21:
four and a half millennia of expansion and redistribution

For those interested in phylogenealogy, or those whose ancestry descends from the Indo-European peoples of Albion, this may be an interesting read.  It is an attempt to document the history of the R-L21 peoples of western Europe based on an analysis of the genetics of their descendants.  They displaced the old Neolithic peoples from about 2500 BC and were themselves displaced westwards by Germanic and Scandinavian migrants, but still form the majority of the populations of Western England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland.  Not to mention a large proportion of the early settlers of the American colonies. 


www.dropbox.com/preview/Climate/The_phylogenealogy_of_R-L21_four_and_a_h.pdf?role=personal

[missouriboy]

No Comet, just volcanoes?  


wattsupwiththat.com/2020/08/01/younger-dryas-impact-hypothesis-takes-another-hit/

[missouriboy]

Detectorist Finds Bronze Age Treasure Cache With Sword In Scotland


www.ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology/bronze-age-treasure-0014108

[missouriboy]

Interesting archaeological find ...

The sudden cataclysmic event the Bible recounts seems to be supported by findings from the Tall el-Hammam Excavation archaeological site in Jordan, believed to be where ancient Sodom and Gomorrah stood.

www.westernjournal.com/13-years-digging-archaeologists-said-cosmic-airburst-event-wiped-sodom-gomorrah-off-map/?utm_source=Email&utm_medium=newsletter-WJ&utm_campaign=dailyam&utm_content=western-journal&ats_es=ab9dbe2668dff0a8ef4c87c1b7edbca6

The paper ...

The Civilization-Ending 3.7KYrBP Event:
  Archaeological Data, Sample Analyses,
and Biblical Implications

This paper overviews the collective evidences for a cosmic airburst event that obliterated civilization—including
the Middle Bronze Age city-state anchored by Tall el-Hammam—in the Middle Ghor = the Kikkar of the Jordan (of
Gen 10-19), ca. 1700 BCE, or 3700 years before present (3.7KYrBP). Analyses of samples taken over seven seasons
of the Tall el-Hammam Excavation Project (TeHEP) have been performed by a team of scientists from New Mexico
Tech, Northern Arizona University, North Carolina State University, Elizabeth City (NC) State University, DePaul
University, Trinity Southwest University, and Los Alamos National Laboratories, with remarkable results. Commensurate with these results are the archaeological data collected from across the entire occupational footprint (36ha)
of Tall el-Hammam, demonstrating a directionality pattern for the high-heat, explosive 3.7KYrBP Kikkar Event that,
in an instant, devastated approximately 500km2 immediately N of the Dead Sea, not only wiping out 100% of Kikkar MBA cities and towns, but also stripping agricultural soils from once-fertile fields and covering the E Kikkar—
including Tall el-Hammam—with a super-heated brine of Dead Sea anhydride salts pushed over the landscape by
the Event’s frontal shockwave(s). In the aftermath of the Event, soil science reveals a sequence of soil recovery on
the Kikkar of the Jordan that explains why it took at least 600 years for agricultural activity to resume in the area.
Authors S. Collins (TeHEP Director and Chief Archaeologist) and P. Silvia (TeHEP Field Archaeologist and Director of
Scientific Analysis) also demonstrate how these data mesh with biblical texts related to the Kikkar of the Jordan,
including the destruction of the Land of the Kikkar and its famous cities (Gen 19).

3182d453b68388416980-71bc4c8fd3e50b4ee0e248e517d3026f.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com/uploaded/s/0e8156401_1544622622_sodom-and-gomorrah-archaelogical-proof.pdf

[missouriboy]

Researchers measure Earth's magnetic field in Jerusalem in 586 BCE


watchers.news/2020/08/20/researchers-measure-earth-s-magnetic-field-in-jerusalem-in-586-bce/

[missouriboy]

www.academia.edu/30336043/Major_Y_chromosomal_haplogroups_are_defined_by_gene_altering_polymorphisms_affecting_fertility_and_reproductory_success?email_work_card=view-paper

The fast evolution of the Y chromosome driven by beneficial mutations withinY-DNA genes


The evolution of the human Y chromosome can be traced using SNPs accumulated from generation to generation. As the Ychromosome does not recombine with the X chromosome, men inherited exactly the same Y chromosome as their fathers,with the addition of a few de novo
mutations. These accumulated mutations, or SNPs, make it possible to classify all human Ychromosome in a grand evolutionary tree. Regional distribution patterns emerged, which allowed population geneticists todefine haplogroups, i.e. the main branches of shared ancestry of various human populations on Earth. Although haplogroupdetermination was at first rather arbitrary and based essentially on geography, it emerged over the years with more detailedtesting techniques that in fact most of these haplogroups defined by hundreds of SNPs, which were typically the result ofpopulation bottlenecks endured during the Last Glacial Maximum, or some other climatologic, historical event, including laterepidemics. But that is not all. What I am going to demonstrate here is that some of the most successful haplogroups in the last10,000 years are apparently defined by mutations in the codding region of Y-chromosomal genes, as opposed to randommutations lying in (non-coding) introns between genes.Since protein-coding genes represent only about 1% of the genome (whatever the chromosome), these mutations are farrarer. As genes have been designed by millions of years of evolution, changes in the gene structure are often deleterious andcan also wreak havoc the body, breaking genes and causing diseases and disabilities. In a minority of cases, beneficialmutations arise that will increase fitness or some specific functions or capabilities. In the case of Y-chromosomal mutations,this could be increased fertility, changes in sexual behaviour, more masculine physical traits, heightened dominance, or any ofthe other behavioural traits that differentiate men from women, which could have given them an edge over other lineages. Asthey confer an evolutionary advantage these beneficial mutations will be selected and spread quickly within a population

[blustnmtn]

“As they confer an evolutionary advantage these beneficial mutations will be selected and spread quickly within a population”

Providing that the population remains generally heterosexual and that the women have gotten some “decent” attractive genes.

[missouriboy]

Acid - Your wife and or you (maybe even the kids) may be interested in this article.


Review of Croatian genetic heritage as revealed by mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosomal lineages

The aim of this review is to summarize the existing data collected in high-resolution phylogenetic studies of mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosome variation in mainland and insular Croatian populations. Mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms were explored in 721 individuals by sequencing mtDNA HVS-1 region and screening a selection of 24 restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), diagnostic for main Eurasian mtDNA haplogroups. Whereas Y chromosome variation was analyzed in 451 men by using 19 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)/indel and 8 short tandem repeat (STR) loci. The phylogeography of mtDNA and Y chromosome variants of Croatians can be adequately explained within typical European maternal and paternal genetic landscape, with the exception of mtDNA haplogroup F and Y-chromosomal haplogroup P* which indicate a connection to Asian populations. Similar to other European and Near Eastern populations, the most frequent mtDNA haplogroups in Croatians were H (41.1%), U5 (10.3%), and...

www.academia.edu/28258370/Review_of_Croatian_genetic_heritage_as_revealed_by_mitochondrial_DNA_and_Y_chromosomal_lineages?email_work_card=title

[missouriboy]

What We Got Wrong About The Dark Ages



This video presents archaeological evidence suggesting that the so-called Dark Ages in Britain were perhaps not so dark.  It suggests that British Roman civilization did not collapse when the Legions were withdrawn about 410 AD.  People merely adapted and carried on for the next couple of hundred years until the Saxons changed their world.

This interests me as Y-DNA links my line to others that can trace their lines to Lancashire in the 1200-1500 AD timeframe.  The overwhelming majority of British Celts belong to haplogroup R-L21 which is believed to have migrated down the Rhine from north of the Alps and into Britain circa 2600 BC.  Our haplogroup (R-Z56>S47) is Alpine Celtic, which is rare in Britain.  It was probably concentrated south of the Alps in Liguria and Provence by 2000 - 1000 BC.  These areas were heavily recruited by the Legions by the time of Caesar.  While other routes are possible, we may have arrived in Britain with the Legions after 53 AD.  Some may have stayed.  The 20th Legion was headquartered at Chester and there were veteran retirement communities in the area.  My earliest link is to a gentleman of the surname Livesey with a tentative DNA date to a common ancestor at ~1000 AD.  Two other men of English surname date a common DNA ancestor to Livesey at ~700 AD and 500 AD, suggesting that this link was in place prior to the Norman conquest of 1066 AD.  DNA cannot say where the link occurred.  If these relationships occurred in Britain, then the history being discussed in this video is of direct interest to me.

[nemesis]

Oct 19, 2020 5:45:06 GMT missouriboy said:

What We Got Wrong About The Dark Ages



This video presents archaeological evidence suggesting that the so-called Dark Ages in Britain were perhaps not so dark.  It suggests that British Roman civilization did not collapse when the Legions were withdrawn about 410 AD.  People merely adapted and carried on for the next couple of hundred years until the Saxons changed their world.

This interests me as Y-DNA links my line to others that can trace their lines to Lancashire in the 1200-1500 AD timeframe.  The overwhelming majority of British Celts belong to haplogroup R-L21 which is believed to have migrated down the Rhine from north of the Alps and into Britain circa 2600 BC.  Our haplogroup (R-Z56>S47) is Alpine Celtic, which is rare in Britain.  It was probably concentrated south of the Alps in Liguria and Provence by 2000 - 1000 BC.  These areas were heavily recruited by the Legions by the time of Caesar.  While other routes are possible, we may have arrived in Britain with the Legions after 53 AD.  Some may have stayed.  The 20th Legion was headquartered at Chester and there were veteran retirement communities in the area.  My earliest link is to a gentleman of the surname Livesey with a tentative DNA date to a common ancestor at ~1000 AD.  Two other men of English surname date a common DNA ancestor to Livesey at ~700 AD and 500 AD, suggesting that this link was in place prior to the Norman conquest of 1066 AD.  DNA cannot say where the link occurred.  If these relationships occurred in Britain, then the history being discussed in this video is of direct interest to me.

Many Liveseys when I was growing up in a small semi-rural part of Lancashire.

[missouriboy]

Oct 19, 2020 12:22:47 GMT nemesis said:

Oct 19, 2020 5:45:06 GMT missouriboy said:

What We Got Wrong About The Dark Ages

This video presents archaeological evidence suggesting that the so-called Dark Ages in Britain were perhaps not so dark.  It suggests that British Roman civilization did not collapse when the Legions were withdrawn about 410 AD.  People merely adapted and carried on for the next couple of hundred years until the Saxons changed their world.

This interests me as Y-DNA links my line to others that can trace their lines to Lancashire in the 1200-1500 AD timeframe.  The overwhelming majority of British Celts belong to haplogroup R-L21 which is believed to have migrated down the Rhine from north of the Alps and into Britain circa 2600 BC.  Our haplogroup (R-Z56>S47) is Alpine Celtic, which is rare in Britain.  It was probably concentrated south of the Alps in Liguria and Provence by 2000 - 1000 BC.  These areas were heavily recruited by the Legions by the time of Caesar.  While other routes are possible, we may have arrived in Britain with the Legions after 53 AD.  Some may have stayed.  The 20th Legion was headquartered at Chester and there were veteran retirement communities in the area.  My earliest link is to a gentleman of the surname Livesey with a tentative DNA date to a common ancestor at ~1000 AD.  Two other men of English surname date a common DNA ancestor to Livesey at ~700 AD and 500 AD, suggesting that this link was in place prior to the Norman conquest of 1066 AD.  DNA cannot say where the link occurred.  If these relationships occurred in Britain, then the history being discussed in this video is of direct interest to me.

Many Liveseys when I was growing up in a small semi-rural part of Lancashire.

Hello Nemesis.  If by chance you have any contacts with Liveseys we'd love to hear about them.   The Livesey to which I match now lives in Australia, where his father migrated in the 1960s ... but he travels back to the old place on a regular basis.  He says that the Manor is still there and a parcel outline is depicted with a google map search ... perhaps 2 miles SW of Blackburn.  This may be a "ceremonial / historical" boundary as it now encompasses the "village" of Feniscowles.  Lancashire is also smaller now than the historical county.  Surname Livesey must have been a successful lineage, since there are many of that surname still there.  My Ozian Livesey has so far been unsuccessful in getting any of that lot to test.  But some 20 years back a small batch of American  Livesey's tested for about 12 YDNA STR markers with Brian Sykes' Oxford Ancestors organization.  Fortunately, these markers included a couple for which our extended line has very unique values.  They all had them, suggesting that there may be more homogeneity in this line than in some of the others we test closely to.  By closely I mean 100s of years.  Other close surnames include Newton and Hoskins, which are large and diverse.  Familytree DNA projects for these surnames show a great genetic mixture, the majority of which appear to be Norman, with a smaller mix of likely Saxon, our South European R-Z56 Celtic line and a few British L21 Celts.  From Project files, surnames seem rarely pure ... and probably represent a tendency of people to gravitate to centers of power, which prior to the wide adoption of surnames between 1100-1400, was decidedly Norman.  The "retainers" then adopted the surnames of the Lords.  Very similar to African American surname adoption at the end of slavery in the American South.  More testing of the "still resident" Blackburn Liveseys would be required to determine the YDNA homogeneity of that line.  If the Lancashire Liveseys of today are majority R-Z56 Celts, then there might be an interesting story here.  South European Celtic line translocate to NW Britain with the Legions, somehow acquire landed status during or after the Empire, survive the Saxons, survive the Normans, survive the Black Death and other calamities of the Wolf and Sporer Minimums, survive the eccentricities of Kings and civil wars, and emerge in relatively fine form with a sizeable group of descendants.  Master politicians?  Great luck?  A miniseries greater than Dallas.     Or I could just be full of you-know-what.  

SNP tests, which map the branches of the YDNA genetic tree, show that many lines branch from a common SNP before Livesey.  Amongst these are Breedloves, who are below one of three Newton branches, which seem to date in the 1300-1400 timeframe.  I descend (by paper trail) from one of perhaps 2 or 3 that show up in Virginia probably in the mid-to-late 1600s, but are only documented from 1708 via a witness signature.  Refugees from the Civil War?  Unknown ... but Virginia was definitely Royalist and celebrated the Glorious Revolution of 1688.  A Roundhead would likely not have been welcome.  And he would definitely not have married a woman whose father had left her a manor plantation.  Roundheads and Puritan Saxons went to New England. The Woke Culture of today is perhaps not so far removed from the political-cultural trysts of 17th Century England.  Ugly civil war followed that particular cultural split.  We can only hope that history does not "rhyme" in our current instance.

[missouriboy]

The Timelines of Early Civilization

[nautonnier]

That reminds me of "Forbidden Archaeology" a book making very similar points and getting flak from archaeologists in the same way that climate 'scientists' respond to insistence that CO2 is not a 'control knob' and every bit as nasty in their comments.

Effectively, the book shows that there are signs of human habitation below layers that were said to be before human habitation. So therefore the timelines that had been identified were all incorrect.

Over the centuries, researchers have found bones and artifacts proving that humans like us have existed for millions of years. Mainstream science, however, has supppressed these facts. Prejudices based on current scientific theory act as a knowledge filter, giving us a picture of prehistory that is largely incorrect.

www.amazon.com/Forbidden-Archeology-Hidden-History-Human/dp/0892132949

[missouriboy]

This seems to be pretty standard in most academic fields.  The old vested interests will defend the old hypotheses and theories long past what science requires.  Hardening of the categories is a standard intellectual hazard ... and old or vested thinkers seem very resistant to new ideas.  Like it threatens their whole Cosmos.  Whole generations of graduate students spend their lifes expanding the "old holes" versus digging new ones.  An engineer should be required as moderator in the the other sciences.  Tenure should be awarded and maintained as much by teaching and supporting the principles of science as churning out reams of scientific pablum on a regular basis.

I always remember the words of our old warehouse manager back in my college days when I worked in an autoparts warehouse.

He said:  "Boys, don't ever be afraid of making a mistake.  If you never make a mistake, it just means you aren't working."

[missouriboy]

Wonder what they might have thought about hunting today's swamp creatures.

nypost.com/2021/01/14/cute-piggy-drawn-45500-years-ago-may-be-first-animal-doodle/


“They’re very, very small, little pigs, but these ancient artists portrayed them with such resplendent fatness, which I imagine was something to do with their interest in killing the largest and fattest pigs they could find, which yielded the largest amount of meat and protein,” said Adam Brumm, first author of the study, speaking to National Geographic.